To determine the optimal design parameter and operational conditions for HARP, we measured the ESe dependence of both avalanche gain and optical quantum efficiency of an 8 μm HARP layer. This paper investigates the important design considerations for HARP such as avalanche gain, which depends on both the thickness dSe and the applied electric field ESe. The advantage of the proposed detector is its programmable gain, which can be turned on during low dose fluoroscopy to overcome electronic noise, and turned off during high dose radiography to avoid pixel saturation. The final electronic image can be read out using either an array of thin film transistors (TFT) or field emitters (FE). It is made by optically coupling a structured x-ray scintillator CsI(Tl) to an amorphous selenium (a-Se) avalanche photoconductor called HARP. coordinate division etc.An indirect flat-panel imager (FPI) with avalanche gain is being investigated for low-dose x-ray imaging. If you choose an autocollimator or testing telescope with 90° viewing and reticles with lettering (e.g. If the focal length of the objective lens is greater than 300 mm or, for example, a small mirror diameter leads to a strong stop down, reticles with larger line widths are recommended due to the better contrast ratio. Please note therefore the examples of application for the different reticles or contact us. Not all reticles can be used as the eyepiece and collimator reticle. Please review the following to aid in correct reticle selection for your specific application: The clear aperture of reticles used in collimators or telescopes is always 10 mm. One exception are autocollimators with reticle turret. The clear aperture of a reticle used at the illuminated side of an autocollimator is 6 mm and at the eyepiece side 10 mm.

Siemens star pattern use with ccd